To convert a string into an array (or list) of characters in Python, you can use the list() function.

To convert a Python list to a string with brackets, you can use the str() function. This method converts the list into a string with brackets included.

In Python, you can use f-strings (formatted string literals) to insert variables into strings with curly braces {}. This is available in Python 3.6 and later.

Reading a file line by line is a common task in Python, especially when dealing with large files or when you want to process each line individually. Python offers several methods for reading files line by line, each with specific use cases and advantages.